重庆页岩气井油基钻井液堵漏防塌新工艺探索

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2021.04.008

Abstract

Abstract:

During drilling the horizontal section of a shale gas well, oil-based drilling fluid is commonly used in China in order to ensure downhole safety, especially to solve the problems of lost circulation and well collapse. Based on the study of chemical solidification plugging technology and the XRD（X-ray diffraction） analysis of Longmaxi shale samples in Chongqing area, the nano micron size plugging materials are selected to explore a new technology for plugging and collapse prevention of shale gas wells. Field application of chemical solidification technology effectively solves the lost circulation problem of a well in Jiaoye, and meet the requirements of subsequent construction. In the process of drilling, the polysilicon fiber and micro-nano plugging agent selected in the laboratory not only completely control the collapse and block falling, but also reduce the daily average drilling fluid consumption by 1/3, so as to achieve the purpose of anti-seepage and anti-collapse. It is proved that chemical solidification and micro-nano plugging are effective methods to solve the plugging and collapse prevention of shale gas wells, which play a positive role in the development of shale gas wells in Chongqing area.

Key words: oil-based drilling fluid, chemical solidification, shale gas, plugging and collapse prevention, engineering application

CLC Number:

TE254

Liang CHEN,Jinke HU,Dong GENG, et al. A new technology of plugging and collapse prevention with oil-based drilling fluid in Chongqing shale gas wells[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(4): 527-535.

Figures/Tables 16

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References 20

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序号	水泥浆量（m³）	堵漏浆量（m³）	井深（m）	下入深度（m）	水泥塞长（m）	井段深度（m）
1	6	6	3 312.44	3 312	132.44	3 180~3 312.44
2	12	10	3 321.32	3 321	40	3 280~3 320
3	16	0	3 475	3 475	164	3 311~3 475
4	16	8	3 475	3 475	163	3 312~3 475
5	0	16	3 503.03	3 503
6	12	16	3 514.4	3 400	257.4	3 258~3 515.4
7	13	10	4 748	3 410	172	3 168~3 340
8	16	12	4 748	3 410	99	3 274~3 373
9	18	20	4 748	3 410	128	3 290~3 418 低钻压井段3 382~3 400
10	18	12	4 748	3 410	224	3 200~3 424 钻压放空井段3 327.5~3 374 钻压放空井段3 374~3 395

水灰比	密度（g/cm³）	稠化时间（h）	抗压强度（MPa）
1:1	1.5	1.5	6.5
1:1.2	1.57	1.5	9.9
1:1.4	1.63	1.5	10.5

编号	配方	稠化时间（h）	抗压强度（MPa）
①	100 mL水+140 g固化堵漏剂	1	8.5
②	100 mL水+0.1 %缓凝剂+140 g固化堵漏剂	1.5	8.4
③	100 mL水+0.3 %缓凝剂+140 g固化堵漏剂	3	7.8
④	100 mL水+0.6 %缓凝剂+140 g固化堵漏剂	5	6.5

配方	条件	不同转速下的黏度计读数				表观黏度（mPa·s）	塑性黏度（mPa·s）	动切力（Pa）	动塑比 [Pa/（mPa·s）]
配方	条件	600 r/min	300 r/min	6 r/min	3 r/min	表观黏度（mPa·s）	塑性黏度（mPa·s）	动切力（Pa）	动塑比 [Pa/（mPa·s）]
基浆	热滚前	80	49	7	6	40	31	9	0.29
	120 ℃热滚后	69	41	8	7	34.5	28	6.5	0.23
	140 ℃热滚后	70	41	8	7	35	29	6	0.21
	160 ℃热滚后	64	38	7	6	32	26	6	0.23
	180 ℃热滚后	60	34	6	5	30	26	4	0.15
基浆 + 聚硅纤维	热滚前	87	57	9	8	43.5	30	13.5	0.45
	120 ℃热滚后	75	45	9	8	37.5	30	7.5	0.25
	140 ℃热滚后	73	44	8	7	36.5	29	7.5	0.26
	160 ℃热滚后	67	40	7	6	33.5	27	6.5	0.24
	180 ℃热滚后	64	38	7	6	32	26	6	0.23

配方	条件	破乳电压（V）				高温高压滤失量（mL）
配方	条件	第1次测量	第2次测量	第3次测量	平均值	高温高压滤失量（mL）
基浆	热滚前	460	438	414	437
	120 ℃热滚后	1 067	1 159	1 120	1 115	3.8
	140 ℃热滚后	679	643	623	648	3.9
	160 ℃热滚后	988	1 005	934	976	3.9
	180 ℃热滚后	1 003	981	1 089	1 024	4.1
基浆+聚硅纤维	热滚前	881	825	792	833
	120 ℃热滚后	1 003	1 118	1 060	1 060	2.7
	140 ℃热滚后	748	802	790	780	2.9
	160 ℃热滚后	1 002	1 041	1 059	1 034	3.3
	180 ℃热滚后	1 104	1 127	1 189	1 140	3.5

A new technology of plugging and collapse prevention with oil-based drilling fluid in Chongqing shale gas wells

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配方	条件	泥浆入侵深度（mm）
配方	条件	瞬时	10 min	20 min	30 min
基浆	热滚前	全渗透	全渗透	全渗透	全渗透
	120 ℃热滚后	109	121	127	130
	140 ℃热滚后	120	142	149	150
	160 ℃热滚后	138	150	全渗透	全渗透
	180 ℃热滚后	141	全渗透	全渗透	全渗透
基浆+聚硅纤维	热滚前	全渗透	全渗透	全渗透	全渗透
	120 ℃热滚后	8	9	9	10
	140 ℃热滚后	8	11	12	12
	160 ℃热滚后	7	9	9	10
	180 ℃热滚后	7	10	10	11

效果指标	钻井阶段
效果指标	侧钻前	侧钻后
施工井段（m）	3 311~4 748	3 580~5 757
地层	小河坝组、龙马溪组	小河坝组、龙马溪组
钻井液密度（g/cm³）	1.26~1.58	1.57~1.62
高温高压滤失量（mL）	1.5~2.0	0.9~1.0
破乳电压（V）	400~650	500~700
漏失情况	10次,漏失泥浆超过1 200 m³	无漏失
掉块现象	多次出现垮塌,划眼困难	偶现少量掉块
报废进尺（m）	1 168	无
施工期间钻井液日均消耗（m³）	10~15	6~8

井号	封堵材料配方	井深（m）	使用前	使用后
JY203-2HF	0.35 %聚硅纤维+ 0.2 %纳米封堵剂	4 700	钻井液消耗量0.3~0.4 m³/h	钻井液消耗量降低至0.2~0.3 m³/h;无掉块现象
SY2-4HF	0.5 %聚硅纤维+ 0.2 %纳米封堵剂	3 512	钻井液消耗量1.3 m³/h;高温高压滤失量2.4 mL	钻井液消耗量降低至0.8 m³/h;后期密度由1.50 g/cm³缓慢提至1.53 g/cm³,至完井消耗量未出现明显上升的情况;高温高压滤失量降低至1.8 mL;无掉块现象
LY1-4HF	0.25 %聚硅纤维+ 0.2 %纳米封堵剂	3 672	高温高压滤失量5.2 mL;钻井液消耗量0.5 m³/h;密度1.42 g/cm³	高温高压滤失量降低至2.0 mL;钻井液消耗量降低至0.4 m³/h;无掉块现象

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配方	不同转速下的黏度计读数				塑性黏度（mPa·s）	动切力（Pa）	初切（Pa）	终切（Pa）	高温高压滤失量（mL）	破乳电压（V）
配方	600 r/min	300 r/min	6 r/min	3 r/min	塑性黏度（mPa·s）	动切力（Pa）	初切（Pa）	终切（Pa）	高温高压滤失量（mL）	破乳电压（V）
①	108	66	7	5	42	12	3	6	1.2	880
②	121	74	9	7	47	13.5	3.5	6	1	870
③	122	77	9	7	45	16	3.5	6	0.8	880
④	106	65	7	5	41	12	3	6	0.9	900
⑤	107	65	7	5	42	11.5	3	6	0.8	910
⑥	116	70	8	6	46	12	3.5	6	0.6	870