川南长宁地区五峰组—龙马溪组氦气特征及资源潜力分析

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.05.022

Abstract

Abstract:

Helium has characteristics such as a low boiling point, high thermal conductivity, and strong inertness. It plays a key role in fields such as low-temperature superconductivity, protective gas, refrigeration, medical treatment, and electronics, and is referred to as the “golden gas” and “rare earth of gas”. In order to analyze the helium characteristics and resource potential of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan province, helium resources of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Changning area of southern Sichuan Province were studied based on rare gas isotope test and trace element test. The results showed that: (1) the uranium (U) and thorium (Th) contents in the shales of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area were relatively high, with the highest mass fractions reaching 6.57×10^-5 and 2.96×10^-5 respectively, indicating a strong potential for helium generation. The helium isotope ratio (R/R_a ≈ 0.01) and the ⁴He/²⁰Ne ratio of the samples indicated that they had typical crustal helium characteristics. The concentrations of U, Th, and potassium (K) in the front and back limbs of the anticline structure were similar, but the content of radiogenic argon (⁴⁰Ar_rad) in the back limb was significantly higher than that in the front limb. Considering the difference between the theoretical and measured values of ⁴He/⁴⁰Ar, it was inferred that deep crustal helium had a mixing effect on the primary helium in the shale, forming a crustal helium mixture of near-source and far-source components. (2) There were two main sources of helium in the shale of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Changning area: one was the helium continuously generated by the shale itself since its deposition, and the other was the helium gas that migrated into the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation with the subsurface fluid through material exchange. (3) Calculations showed that the cumulative amount of helium produced during the natural evolution of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale in the Changning area was about 4.76×10⁸ m³. The helium resource of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Changning area was at least 2.86×10⁸ m³ based on the calculation of reservoir helium concentration. The findings of this study provide important guidance for further research on the potential, enrichment mechanisms, and distribution patterns of shale helium resources in the Sichuan Basin, as well as for achieving large-scale helium production and improving helium supply capacity.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation, shale, helium, potential analysis

CLC Number:

TE132

YU Zhenxiang,CHEN Lei,CHEN Xin, et al. Helium characteristics and resource potential analysis of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Changning area, southern Sichuan[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(5): 933-946.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Table 1

Fig.2

Table 2

Table 3

Test results of rare gas isotopes in shale gas of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation， Changning area， Sichuan Basin （modified from reference ［49］）"

井名	³He/⁴He （±1σ）	⁴He （±1σ）	²⁰Ne （±1σ）	³⁶Ar （±1σ）	⁴He_rad （±1σ）	⁴⁰Ar_rad （±1σ）	δ¹³C₁/‰	δ¹³C₂/‰	$δ D C 1$ /‰
N16	10.2×10^-3 （4）	1.80×10^-4 （3）	0.82×10^-8 （1）	3.16×10^-8 （4）	1.80×10^-4 （3）	2.44×10^-5 （3）	-28.1	-33.6	-147
H10	10.5×10^-3 （5）	1.95×10^-4 （3）	2.36×10^-8 （3）	6.32×10^-8 （8）	1.95×10^-4 （3）	1.53×10^-5 （3）	-28.0	-33.9	-145
H16	10.0×10^-3 （4）	1.86×10^-4 （3）	2.48×10^-8 （3）	6.87×10^-8 （9）	1.86×10^-4 （3）	2.02×10^-5 （3）	-28.8	-34.4	-146
H24	10.4×10^-3 （4）	1.54×10^-4 （2）	4.77×10^-8 （6）	11.20×10^-8 （2）	1.54×10^-4 （2）	1.78×10^-5 （2）	-28.6	-34.1	-146
H6	9.6×10^-3 （2）	1.89×10^-4 （3）	5.85×10^-8 （8）	13.70×10^-8 （2）	1.89×10^-4 （3）	2.14×10^-5 （3）	-27.8	-34.1	-149
N17	10.3×10^-3 （3）	5.07×10^-4 （8）	1.89×10^-8 （2）	6.66×10^-8 （9）	5.07×10^-4 （8）	7.07×10^-5 （9）
H13	10.6×10^-3 （3）	1.64×10^-4 （2）	1.01×10^-8 （1）	3.49×10^-8 （5）	1.64×10^-4 （2）	1.97×10^-5 （3）	-28.5	-34.3	-153
N9-h17	9.5×10^-3 （3）	2.01×10^-4 （3）	2.31×10^-8 （3）	6.14×10^-8 （8）	2.01×10^-4 （3）	2.02×10^-5 （3）	-27.4	-33.6	-150
N9-h8	9.4×10^-3 （3）	1.86×10^-4 （3）	1.95×10^-8 （3）	5.72×10^-8 （7）	1.86×10^-4 （3）	2.35×10^-5 （3）	-27.6	-32.9	-148
H25	9.3×10^-3 （4）	1.66×10^-4 （3）	1.56×10^-8 （2）	4.71×10^-8 （6）	1.66×10^-4 （3）	2.13×10^-5 （3）	-27.4	-32.8	-148
N13	10.2×10^-3 （4）	1.68×10^-4 （3）	1.63×10^-8 （2）	4.85×10^-8 （6）	1.68×10^-4 （3）	2.11×10^-5 （3）	-27.8	-33.5	-148
H8	9.3×10^-3 （2）	1.79×10^-4 （3）	1.90×10^-8 （2）	7.22×10^-8 （9）	1.80×10^-4 （3）	2.83×10^-5 （4）	-27.3	-32.9	-152

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 5

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样品编号	ω（Th）	ω（U）	样品编号	ω（Th）	ω（U）
N11-24	20.7×10^-6	7.20×10^-6	N15-29	21.5×10^-6	4.68×10^-6
N11-22	22.8×10^-6	5.25×10^-6	N15-28	13.8×10^-6	10.10×10^-6
N11-21	29.6×10^-6	7.24×10^-6	N15-27	20.9×10^-6	5.67×10^-6
N11-20	25.2×10^-6	7.60×10^-6	N15-26	20.9×10^-6	6.68×10^-6
N11-19	29.2×10^-6	7.41×10^-6	N15-25	18.7×10^-6	6.09×10^-6
N11-18	20.2×10^-6	11.90×10^-6	N15-24	20.2×10^-6	7.18×10^-6
N11-17	17.4×10^-6	23.50×10^-6	N15-23	18.9×10^-6	7.56×10^-6
N11-16	15.8×10^-6	15.90×10^-6	N15-22	22.0×10^-6	8.25×10^-6
N11-15	13.5×10^-6	17.80×10^-6	N15-21	20.5×10^-6	7.88×10^-6
N11-14	13.5×10^-6	19.00×10^-6	N15-20	21.1×10^-6	7.88×10^-6
N11-13	15.9×10^-6	33.80×10^-6	N15-19	17.4×10^-6	8.68×10^-6
N11-12	9.1×10^-6	18.90×10^-6	N15-18	16.3×10^-6	12.60×10^-6
N11-11	16.0×10^-6	35.90×10^-6	N15-11	12.5×10^-6	13.00×10^-6
N11-10	7.5×10^-6	23.50×10^-6	N15-10	13.6×10^-6	16.20×10^-6
N11-9	11.2×10^-6	65.70×10⁻⁶	N15-9	14.9×10^-6	16.90×10^-6
N11-6	11.5×10^-6	19.40×10^-6	N15-5	10.0×10^-6	16.20×10^-6
N11-2	18.9×10^-6	11.90×10^-6	N15-2	18.5×10^-6	29.60×10^-6
N15-35	20.2×10^-6	5.38×10^-6	Y02-15	19.1×10^-6	8.70×10^-6
N15-34	19.6×10^-6	4.33×10^-6	Y02-14	28.0×10^-6	6.62×10^-6
N15-33	20.5×10⁻⁶	4.49×10⁻⁶	Y02-13	21.3×10^-6	10.90×10^-6
N15-32	20.2×10^-6	5.10×10^-6	Y02-9	14.6×10^-6	13.60×10^-6
N15-31	22.8×10^-6	5.63×10^-6	Y02-8	10.3×10^-6	18.40×10^-6
N15-30	21.5×10^-6	5.25×10^-6	Y02-5	24.9×10^-6	14.80×10^-6

样品号	体积分数/%
样品号	He	H₂	N₂	CO₂	CH₄	C₂H₆	C₃H₈	iC₄H₁₀	nC₄H₁₀	iC₅H₁₂	nC₅H₁₂
N1-1	0.02	0.01	0.24	0.54	98.72	0.47	0.01	0	0	0	0
N1-2	0.02	0.01	0.20	0.47	98.83	0.46	0.01	0	0	0	0
N1-3	0.02	0	0.19	0.42	98.91	0.45	0.01	0	0	0	0
N1-4	0.02	0	0.22	0.37	98.92	0.45	0.01	0	0	0	0
N1-5	0.02	0	0.31	0.29	98.93	0.44	0.01	0	0	0	0
N1-6	0.02	0	0.25	0.37	98.89	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-7	0.02	0	0.12	0.30	99.11	0.43	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-8	0.02	0	0.17	0.29	99.06	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-9	0.02	0	0.23	0.30	98.99	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-10	0.02	0	0.20	0.29	99.03	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-11	0.02	0	0.13	0.26	99.13	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-12	0.02	0	0.15	0.26	99.10	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-13	0.02	0	0.16	0.27	99.09	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-14	0.02	0	0.32	0.26	98.93	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-15	0.02	0	0.14	0.22	99.16	0.44	0.03	0	0	0	0
N1-16	0.02	0	0.19	0.34	98.99	0.44	0.02	0	0	0	0
N1-17	0.02	0	0.41	0.52	98.51	0.44	0.03	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
N209-1	0.15	0	23.68	0.19	76.88	0.16	0.02	0.01	0.01	0	0
N209-2	0.08	0.80	23.68	0.24	74.61	0.20	0.02	0.01	0	0	0
N10	0.06	0.03	2.12	0.35	97.22	0.17	0.01	0	0	0	0
N24	0.10	0	0.47	0.18	98.84	0.40	0.01	0	0	0	0
N27	0.03	0	0.47	0.44	98.75	0.30	0.01	0	0	0	0

井名	⁴He_rad/⁴⁰Ar_rad	(⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar)_predicted	⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar(±1σ)	成藏时间/Ma
N16	7.4	524.5	1 071.0（4）	34.82
H10	12.8	420.9	540.0（4）	28.77
H16	9.3	406.0	590.0（1）	25.31
H24	8.6	353.2	458.0（1）	8.38
H6	8.8	353.2	455.0（1）	12.86
N17	7.2	600.5	1 360.0（2）	46.38
H13	8.3	485.0	864.0（3）	43.86
N9-h17	9.9	428.4	628.0（1）	30.67
N9-h8	7.9	427.5	710.0（2）	30.45
H25	7.8	438.4	751.0（2）	33.02
N13	8.0	436.0	733.0（2）	32.37
H8	6.4	397.5	690.0（1）	23.23

期次	深度/m	宿主矿物	成因	类型	气/液/%	均一温度/℃	ω（NaCl）/%
1	3 159.86	方解石	原生	盐水	8	127.7	23.18
					8	130.6	23.18
					8	132.1	22.38
					10	134.2	34.97
					10	138.2	26.80
2	3 097.00	方解石	原生	盐水	6	141.1	4.34
					6	141.2	5.56
					6	143.5	4.34
3	3 159.86	方解石	原生	盐水	8	159.2	26.44
3	3 159.86	方解石	原生	盐水	10	166.4	25.46

Helium characteristics and resource potential analysis of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Changning area, southern Sichuan

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