四川盆地煤层气勘探开发现状与前景

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.02.003

Abstract

Abstract:

The Sichuan Basin is abundant in coal resources and has achieved breakthroughs in coalbed methane exploration wells in recent years. To explore the feasibility of establishing a coalbed methane production base in the Sichuan Basin, this study reviews the stratigraphic development of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin, as well as the geological and dynamic characteristics of coalbed methane development blocks in the southeastern and southern regions of Sichuan. The first coalbed methane production base in the Sichuan Basin, the Junlian-Mu’ai mining area, has more than 450 surface extraction wells, with an annual gas production of over 1.00×10⁸ m³ for five consecutive years. In the Shunan mining area, there are 328 production wells, with an annual gas production of 0.79×10⁸ m³. However, in the basin, the average daily production of coalbed methane wells targeting coal seams is less than 700 m³, while pilot exploration wells that apply general fracturing to coal seams and adjacent sandstone layers can achieve production rates of 5 000 to 8 000 m³/day. This indicates that the production dynamics of coalbed methane in the Sichuan Basin differ significantly from those in other domestic coalbed methane production bases. This difference is attributed to the widespread development of thin coal seams and the structural coal layers interbedded with tight sandstone. Consequently, it is not appropriate to apply the “sweet spot” evaluation and development methods used for typical thick coal seams in basins such as the Qinshui Basin and Ordos Basin. There is an urgent need to shift away from the approach of considering only coal seams as the sole target layer for coalbed methane wells. Practice shows that coal seams in the Sichuan Basin are primarily developed in transitional marine-continental strata. Although the lateral development of coal seams is not stable, a stable combination of “coal, sandstone, and mudstone” has formed. This special lithologic combination can create “coal-sand-coal” hydrocarbon source storage boxes, which is of significant importance for the development and production capacity of thin interbedded coal seams in the Sichuan Basin. Moreover, a large number of coal mines in the Sichuan Basin have been shut down in recent years, and the coalbed methane accumulated in the abandoned mines urgently requires secondary development using surface drilling techniques. In conclusion, based on the geological resources and existing extraction technologies in the Sichuan Basin, it is feasible to establish the third coalbed methane industry base, following the Qinshui Basin and the eastern edge of the Ordos Basin.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, coalbed methane, coal measure gas, thin interbed, hydrocarbon source storage box

CLC Number:

TE37

ZHU Suyang,LIU Wei,WANG Yunfeng, et al. Current situation and prospects of coalbed methane exploration and development in Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(2): 185-193.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1

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Table 2

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Table 5

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References 33

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井号	埋深/m	解吸气量/(m³/t)	损失气量/(m³/t)	总含气量/(m³/t)	理论气量/(m³/t)	游离气占比/%
Y2	1 976	16.0	15.6	31.6	23.9	24.4
Y1	2 700	18.0	19.6	37.6	24.2	35.6

井号	类别	煤层深度/m	煤层厚度（开发煤层）/m	日产气量/m³	累计产气量/10⁴ m³
川高参1	煤层气	805.61	5.02	8 307	226.00
川高参2	煤层气	868.00	6.22	3 626	56.64
川高2	煤层气	834.00	5.10	1 500
FB-1	煤层气	682.80	8.55	1 750
FB-2	煤层气	817.50	1.95	829
FB-3	煤层气	753.80	6.20	1 896

区块	地质条件					物性条件
区块	煤体结构	变质程度/%	煤层纵向分布	煤层厚度/m	埋深/m	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3 μm²	含气性/ （m³/t）	压力系数	见气压力/MPa
长宁	仅局部发育构造煤	2.91~2.97	主力煤层2~4层，薄煤层	4.3~5.1	500~1 400	4.20~7.70	0.20~1.37	10.6~18.4	1.18~1.34	5.80~6.94
筠连沐爱	仅局部发育构造煤	2.63~2.90	主力煤层2~4层，薄煤层	4.0~6.0	500~900	5.34	0.20	7.2~17.7	0.90~1.00	1.30~4.50
陕西韩城	破裂煤和碎粒煤	1.60~1.80	主力煤层2~3层，中厚煤层	3.0~8.0	300~1 000	4.50~5.70	2.10	9.7~11.2	0.60~0.80	1.50
沁南樊庄	厚原生煤，构造煤	3.68~4.36	单煤层，中厚煤层	6.0~7.0	300~800	6.20	1.30	19.3	1.00	1.00~4.80

Current situation and prospects of coalbed methane exploration and development in Sichuan Basin

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