鄂尔多斯盆地南部聚煤作用控气和煤层气勘探潜力——以旬宜探区石炭系太原组为例

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025.02.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the analysis of the coal-forming environment of the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in Xunyi exploration area, southern Ordos Basin, and combined with paleogeomorphological analysis and sedimentary facies research, the coal accumulation characteristics of Taiyuan Formation were identified. By using experimental analysis methods such as industrial analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and isothermal adsorption, along with well-logging modeling evaluation, the characteristics of coal petrology and coal quality, reservoir physical properties, and gas content were investigated. The key controlling factors for deep coalbed methane accumulation and reservoir formation characteristics were analyzed and summarized, identifying favorable zones for further exploration. Integrated with coalbed methane exploration practice, it was confirmed that deep coalbed methane had promising exploration potential. Research showed that: (1) the development of coal seams in the Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in the Xunyi exploration area was influenced by two coal-forming environments: tidal flat peat bogs and lagoon peat bogs. Due to the influence of coal-forming environments and sedimentary paleogeomorphology, the coal seam distribution exhibited a “thin in the west and thick in the east” coal accumulation pattern. (2) The coal lithotypes were primarily bright coal and semi-bright coal, with the coal body structures mainly characterized by primary and fractured types. The types of reservoir space included plant cell lumen pores, intercrystalline pores of pyrite and clay minerals, and cleat fractures. (3) The gas content of coal seams ranged from 15.8 to 25.6 m³/t, indicating moderate to good gas-bearing properties. The enrichment of coalbed methane was controlled by factors such as the coal-forming environment, tectonic evolution, and preservation conditions. (4) The northwest slope area was characterized by underdeveloped faults, normal formation pressure, weak formation hydrodynamics, and large coal seam burial depth, making it a favorable zone for deep normal-pressure coalbed methane exploration. The southeast fault slope area had relatively developed faults, low formation pressure, strong formation hydrodynamics, and moderate coal seam burial depth, making it a favorable zone for medium-to-deep low-pressure coalbed methane exploration. The PZ1 well, located in the southeast fault slope area, produced a low gas flow during coal seam fracturing tests, demonstrating the promising exploration potential of deep coalbed methane in the structurally complex margin of the Ordos Basin.

Key words: Ordos Basin, Xunyi exploration area, coalbed methane, coal accumulation characteristics, accumulation characteristics, favorable zone

CLC Number:

TE122

WANG Liangjun,WANG Yong,ZHANG Xinwen, et al. Coal accumulation control on gas and coalbed methane exploration potential in southern Ordos Basin: A case study of Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in Xunyi exploration area[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2025, 15(2): 175-184.

Figures/Tables 9

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代表井	典型煤层	成煤环境	成煤植物	古水深	沉积环境	单层厚度和分类	灰分含量（质量分数）/%	垂向序列
XY2井	8号煤层	潮坪泥炭坪	木本植物（节蕨类）	水体较浅	极潮湿强覆水—潮湿覆水、还原环境	1~5 m、中厚煤层	10~30	泥-煤-泥
QP2井	10号煤层	潟湖泥炭坪	草本植物	水体较深	极潮湿强覆水、强还原环境	1~2 m、薄煤层	30~40	砂-煤-泥或泥-煤-砂

地层	主力煤层厚度/m	热演化程度/%	埋深/m	煤体结构	等温吸附兰缪尔体积/（m³/t）	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3μm²	压力系数
旬宜探区太原组	4.06~11.01	2.05~2.64	2 200~3 600	原生—碎裂为主	3.97~20.49	0.80~7.60	0.379 0~0.715 0	0.69~0.99
大牛地区块太原组	5.00~16.00	1.20~2.19	2 400~3 000	原生—碎裂为主	10.13~23.50	0.97~8.97	0.000 2~0.759 0	0.90~1.03

Coal accumulation control on gas and coalbed methane exploration potential in southern Ordos Basin: A case study of Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation in Xunyi exploration area

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